VERBAL
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Directions:
Questions 1 to 3 refer to the passage given below:
Neither misery nor folly seems to me any part of the inevitable
lot of man. And I am convinced that intelligence, patience
and eloquence can sooner or later, lead the human race
out of its selfimposed tortures provided it does not exterminate
itself meanwhile.
On the basis of this belief, I have always had a certain
degree of optimism, although, as I have grown older, the
optimism has grown more sober and the happy issues more
distant. But I remain completely incapable of agreeing
with those who accept fatalistically the view that man
is born to trouble. The causes of unhappiness in the past
and in the present are not difficult to ascertain. There
have been poverty, pestilence, and famine, which were
due to man’s inadequate mastery of nature. There
have been wars, oppressions and tortures which have been
due to men’s hostility to their fellow men. And
there have been morbid miseries fostered by gloomy creeds,
which have led men into profound inner discords that made
all outward prosperity of no avail. All these are unnecessary.
In regard to all of them, means are known by which they
can be overcome. In the modern world, if communities are
unhappy, it is because they chose to be so. Or to speak
mere precisely, because they have ignorance, habits, beliefs,
and passions which are dearer to them than happiness or
even life. I find many men in our dangerous age who seem
to be in love with misery and death and grow angry when
hopes are suggested to them.
At first I imagined that the task of awaking people to
the dangers of the Nuclear Peril should not be very difficult.
I shared the general belief that the motive of self-preservation
is a very powerful one which, when it comes into operation,
generally overrides all others. I thought that people
would not like the prospect of being fried with their
families and their neighbours and every living person
that they had heard of. I thought that it would be necessary
to make the danger known and that, when this had been
done, men of all parties would unite to restore previous
safety. I found that this is a mistake. There is a motive
which is stronger than self-preservation: it is the desire
to get the better of the other fellow. |
| 1. |
In the passage,
the word ‘fatalistically’ refers to: |
| (A) |
pre-assessed |
| (B) |
pre-viewed |
| (C) |
pre-ordained |
| (D) |
pre-fixed |
| Soln: |
The answer is
option (C). "Fatalistically" in the passage
refers to having a pre-ordained belief that man is born
to trouble. Pre-assessed means made an assessment beforehand.
Option (A) is incorrect. Pre-viewed means to see something
before the usual time which does not fit in the context
of the sentence. Option (B) is incorrect. Pre–fixed
means having fixed ideas from before. Option (D) is incorrect. |
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| 2. |
From the line
“And there have been morbid miseries fostered by
gloomy creeds, which have led men into profound inner
discords that made all outward prosperity of no avail”,
it can be deduced that: |
| (A) |
Prosperity has
vanished due to people’s greed and desire for destruction. |
| (B) |
Man-made unhappiness
makes people view wealth and material comforts as worthless. |
| (C) |
Sadness has led
to severe miseries. |
| (D) |
Hostility towards
one’s own kind can destroy inner peace. |
| Soln: |
The answer is
option (B). The lines in the passage mean that the unhappiness
created by man himself (morbid miseries fostered by gloomy
creeds) makes people view material comforts as worthless
(outward prosperity of no avail). The word 'destruction'
makes option (A) extreme. Option (A) is incorrect. The
lines do not talk about sadness. Rather it talks about
the sadness created by man. Option (B) is incorrect. The
lines do not talk about hostility towards one's own kind.
Option (D) is incorrect. |
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| 3. |
Which of the
following options BEST describes the gist of the passage? |
| (A) |
Unhappiness is
a matter of personal choice and is not external to oneself. |
| (B) |
Happiness lies
in acknowledging future possibilities of gloom. |
| (C) |
Unhappiness lies
in the discovery of self-belief and assessment. |
| (D) |
Happiness comes
from facing unpleasant possibilities. |
| Soln: |
The answer is
option (A). The answer is clear from the 9th line of the
second paragraph which says "..... if
communities are unhappy, it is because they chose to be
so". There is no talk in the passage of correlating
happiness with the future possibilities of gloom. Option
(B) is incorrect. The passage does not say that unhappiness
lies in the discovery of self-belief and assessment. Rather
it says that unhappiness is a matter of personal choice
and is not external to oneself. Option (C) is incorrect.
The passage does not talk about unpleasant possibilities.
Option (D) is incorrect. |
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Directions:
In Question 4, fill in the blanks with the option that
has the MOST APPROPRIATE set of words: |
| 4. |
The _____ displayed
on the pages which follow is not intended, however, to
be _____ for its own sake. |
| (A) |
anger, good |
| (B) |
anxiety, funny |
| (C) |
humour, amusing |
| (D) |
anguish, droll |
| Soln: |
The answer is
option (C). The word 'humour' fits appropriately in the
first blank as it refers to the quality of being funny
which was not intended. The word 'amusing' should fit
in the second blank as it means 'entertaining'. The sentence,
therefore, implies that the humour that was being displayed
on the following pages was not intended to be entertaining.
This meaning is not clearly conveyed by any of the other
options. Moreover, 'anger' does not go with 'good', 'anxiety'
does not go with 'funny' and 'anguish' does not go with
'droll'. Therefore, options (A), (B) and (D) are ruled
out. |
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Directions:
In Question 5, choose the option which is CLOSEST in meaning
to the sentence given below: |
| 5. |
From that memorable
night, I dismissed forever my charnel apprehensions, and
with them vanished the cataleptic disorders, of which,
perhaps, they had been less the consequence than the cause. |
| (A) |
My cataleptic disorders
which caused the charnel apprehensions disappeared from
that memorable night. |
| (B) |
My cataleptic disorders
were dismissed from my charnel apprehensions forever on
that memorable night. |
| (C) |
My charnel apprehensions
dismissed the cataleptic disorders from my memorable night
forever. |
| (D) |
My charnel apprehensions
and consequent cataleptic disorders disappeared from that
night onwards. |
| Soln: |
The answer is
option (D). Option (D) most appropriately brings out the
idea that is highlighted in the given sentence. The given
sentence says that the deathlike apprehensions which caused
the cataleptic disorders vanished from that particular
night onwards. The charnel apprehensions caused the cataleptic
disorders which disappeared the moment the apprehensions
were dismissed. Option (A) is ruled out because it states
that the cataleptic disorders caused the charnel apprehensions
which is incorrect as per the information given in the
question statement. Options (B) and (C) are semantically
incorrect. |
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Directions:
Questions 6 to 8 relate to the passage given below:
Evolutionary relationships are also genealogical, not
primarily functional. We all understand that whales are
mammals by history of common descent, not fishes because
they swim in the ocean. In genealogical terms, closeness
is defined by position in a sequence of branchings—what
Darwin called “propinquity”, or relative nearness.
I may look and act more like my cousin Bob than my brother
Bill, but Bill is still closer to me by genealogy. Function
and appearance need not correlate strongly with genealogical
propinquity. Evolutionists have described the genealogical
relationships among trout, lungfishes and cows in the
following manner. Terrestrial vertebrates branched off
the line of early fishes at a point near the ancestry
of modern lungfishes; trout evolved much later from a
persisting earlier lines of fishes. Therefore, if we chose
to classify purely by genealogy, lung fishes and cows
must he placed together in a group separate from trout.
Many of us rebel against such an idea because our conventional
classifications mix functional and strictly genealogical
relationship. We may say,“A lungfish looks like
a fish, swims like a fish, acts like a fish, and tastes
like a fish. Therefore it is a fish.” Perhaps so;
but by propinquity, lungfishes are closer to cows.
This issue now pervades the science of systematics as
the great debate about “cladism”. Cladists
advocate classification by pure genealogy (branching order),
with no attention whatever so to traditional concepts
of similarity in function or biological role. However,
we need only carry away the lesson that genealogical and
functional similarity are different concepts, and that
we can be terribly fooled when we make a mistaken equation—particularly when we assume a closeness in branching
(propinquity) from evidence of common appearance or behavior.
If we call a whale a fish, we make a simple error by misunderstanding
the evolutionary phenomenon of “convergence”.
The fish like characters of whales evolved separately
and independently in a line derived from fully terrestrial
vertebrates. But the fishy similarities of trout and lungfishes
are genuine evolutionary marks of common ancestry. These
similarities do not forge a closer genealogical bond between
lungfish and trout than between lungfish and cow because
such shared features are common characters of itals early
vertebrates; propinquity is marked by shared characters
of later derivation. For example, the character “five
fingers” cannot be used to unite humans and dogs
while placing seals in another group for dogs and seals
are genealogically close as members of the order Carnivora.
The position of five fingers is a shared character of
all ancestral mammals; such traits cannot help us make
divisions within later mammalian evolution. |
| 6. |
Which of the
following options is NOT TRUE as per the above passage? |
| (A) |
Evolutionary relationships
have their basis in functional similarities. |
| (B) |
Lungfishes and
trouts belong to the same common ancestry. |
| (C) |
Genealogical branching
gives rise to propinquity. |
| (D) |
Dogs and seals
are genealogically closer compared to lungfish and trout. |
| Soln: |
The answer is
option (B). The answer is clear from the 9th line of the
first paragraph which says "..... lung
fishes and cows must be placed in a group separate from
trout". The first sentence of the passage makes it
clear that evolutionary relationships have their basis
in both genealogical and functional similarities. Option
(A) is incorrect. The third and the fourth line of the
paragraph make it clear that genealogical branching gives
rise to propinquity. Option (C) is incorrect. The second
last line of the passage says that dogs and seals are
of the order Carnivora. Option (D) is incorrect. |
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| 7. |
As per the given
passage, a ‘‘Cladist’’ is one
who: |
| (A) |
Acknowledges the
distinction between genealogical and functional similarities. |
| (B) |
Debates at length
on the science of systematics. |
| (C) |
Groups animals
by propinquity. |
| (D) |
Describes genealogical
relationships between mammals and fish. |
| Soln: |
The answer is
option (C). It is given in the second and the third lines
of the second paragraph that Cladists advocate classification
by pure genealogy and the third and the fourth line of
the first paragraph mentions Darwin talking about genealogy
in terms of propinquity. All other options are not related
to what a cladist means. All other options are incorrect.
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| 8. |
Which of the following
options can be BEST deduced from the passage? |
| (A) |
There is no such
thing as functional similarity. |
| (B) |
Behavioral similarities
in the animal kingdom point to a common ancestry. |
| (C) |
The phenomenon
of “convergence” can best explain the basis
of all evolutionary relationships. |
| (D) |
Genealogical propinquity
need not follow from functional similarity. |
| Soln: |
The answer is
option (D). The very first sentence of the passage says
that 'evolutionary relationships are also genealogical,
not primarily functional', and the rest of the passage
explains this point through examples and reasons. The
last sentence of the second paragraph says that 'we can
be fooled when we make a mistaken assumption that there
is a closeness in branching (genealogical propinquity)
from evidence of common appearance or behavior. From this
sentence we can deduce/ infer that genealogical propinquity
need not follow from functional similarity. Option A is
incorrect as it goes against the information given in
the passage. Option B is partially true. In option C the
words 'best' is objectionable, and the word 'all' is too
extreme. The phenomenon of convergence can explain, to
some extent, the basis of 'some' evolutionary relationships. |
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Directions:
For Questions 9 and 10, choose the option that is CLOSEST
in meaning to the capitalized words: |
| 9. |
COMETARY |
| (A) |
coming late |
| (B) |
being comatose |
| (C) |
of comets |
| (D) |
being complacent |
| Soln: |
The answer is
option (C). The word 'cometary' means of or relating to
or resembling a comet. Therefore, option (C) is the closest
in meaning to the given word. Other options are irrelevant. |
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| 10. |
ERUCT |
| (A) |
build |
| (B) |
belch |
| (C) |
blase |
| (D) |
blink |
| Soln: |
The answer is
option (B). 'Eruct' means to eject or send out in large
quantities or to belch. Therefore, option (B) is closest
in meaning to the given word. Other options are irrelevant. |
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Directions:
Questions 11 to 14 relate to the passage given below:
In the evolution of philosophical thought the following
question has played a major role: is there any knowledge
that arises solely out of pure thought, without any effect
of sense perception? If not, what precisely is the relation
between our knowledge and the raw material furnished by
our sense perceptions? An almost boundless chaos of philosophical
opinions corresponds to these questions. Nevertheless
there is visible in this process of relatively fruitless
but heroic endeavours a systematic trend of development,
namely an increasing skepticism concerning every attempt
by means of pure thought to learn something about the
‘‘objective world’’. Be it said
parenthetically that quotation marks are used here to
introduce an illegitimate concept which the reader is
asked to permit for the moment, although the concept is
suspect in the eyes of the philosophical police.
During philosophy’s childhood it was rather generally
believed that it is possible to find everything which
can be known by means of mere reflection. It was an illusion
which anyone can easily understand if he discusses what
he has learned from later philosophy and from natural
science. He will not be surprised to find that Plato ascribed
a higher reality to ‘‘ideas’’
than to empirically experienceable things. This more aristocratic
illusion concerning the unlimited penetrative power of
thought has as its counterpart the more plebeian illusion
of naïve realism. This is also the point of departure
in all of the sciences, especially of the natural sciences.
Russell has characterized this process in a concise fashion...
“we all start from naïve realism, i.e., the
doctrine that things are what they seem. We think that
grass is green and stones are hard and that snow is cold.
But physics assures us that the greenness of grass, the
hardness of stones and the coldness of snow are not the
greenness, hardness and coldness that we know in our own
experience, but something very different. Observing a
stone, is really, if physics is to be believed, observing
the effects of the stone upon himself. Thus science seems
to be at war with itself. When it most wants to be objective
it finds itself plunged into subjectivity against its
will. Naïve realism leads to physics and physics,
if true, shows that naïve realism is false. Therefore,
naïve realism, if true, is false: therefore it is
false’’. |
| 11. |
The word ‘‘parenthetically’’
in the given passage means: |
| (A) |
With special reference |
| (B) |
Stated within brackets |
| (C) |
As parents would
say |
| (D) |
Within quotation
marks |
| Soln: |
The answer is
option (A). The sentence in the 7th line of the first
paragraph can be written as "Be it said with special
reference that quotation marks are used here to………………"
which does not change the meaning of the sentence. Quotation
marks are not used within brackets. Option (B) is incorrect.
There is no reference to parents in the sentence. Option
(C) is incorrect. There is no need to mention quotation
marks twice. Option (D) is incorrect. |
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| 12. |
Which of the
following statements CANNOT be deduced from the given
passage? |
| (A) |
Several philosophical
opinions exist on the relationship between knowledge and
sense impressions. |
| (B) |
The belief in the
power of knowledge separates philosophy from the physical
and natural sciences. |
| (C) |
Plato, being a
philosopher gave more importance to ideas than to things
that can be experienced. |
| (D) |
Subjectivity is
part of science. |
| Soln: |
The answer is
option (B). The answer is clear from the last four lines
of the second paragraph which say "..... unlimited
penetrative power of thought..... This
is also the point of departure in all of the sciences,
especially of the natural sciences''. The fourth line
of the first paragraph which says "An almost boundless
chaos of philosophical opinions....."
makes option (A) something which can be deduced from the
passage. Option (A) is incorrect. The fourth line of the
second paragraph makes option (C) incorrect. The last
three lines of the paragraph which talk about science
getting plunged into subjectivity against its will makes
option (D) incorrect. |
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| 13. |
Which of the
following options BEST captures the essence of the passage? |
| (A) |
Early philosophy
and its evolution |
| (B) |
Theory of knowledge
and philosophy |
| (C) |
Evolution of philosophical
thought |
| (D) |
An enquiry into
the nature and meaning of knowledge |
| Soln: |
The answer is
option (D). The author is investigating and examining
the nature and meaning of knowledge throughout the passage.
The answer is made clear by the first 3 lines of the passage
which say "..... If not, what is the relation
between our knowledge and the raw material furnished by
our sense perceptions?". Early philosophy may be
mentioned in the passage but it does not capture the essence
of the passage. Option (A) is incorrect. The passage is
very analytical and concerned more with knowledge than
with philosophy. It tries to find out the nature and meaning
of knowledge. Option (B) is incorrect. The passage mentions
philosophical thought but the evolution of philosophical
thought is not the essence of the passage. Option (C)
is incorrect. |
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| 14. |
The last sentence
of the passage implies that: |
| (A) |
To believe in naïve
realism is to acknowledge the existence of green grass
and cold snow. |
| (B) |
Naïve realism
leads to observations that are true in their form but
are false perceptions of existence. |
| (C) |
Illusion and knowledge
have a strong relationship. |
| (D) |
Observation of
stone and grass is possible through naïve realism. |
| Soln: |
The answer is
option (B). The sentence says that naïve realism
if true (leads to observations that are true in their
form) is false (are false perceptions of existence). The
last sentence is not concerned with green grass and cold
snow but about the nature of naïve realism itself.
Option (A) is incorrect. The last sentence talks about
naïve realism and not about illusion and knowledge.
Option (C) is incorrect. The last sentence is concerned
about naïve realism only and not about the examples
of stone and grass which have been given to illustrate
the concept of naïve realism. Option (D) is incorrect. |
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| 15. |
“It followed
my footsteps with a pertinacity which the reader will
find difficult to comprehend”.
Pertinacity in the above sentence refers to: |
| (A) |
Devotion |
| (B) |
Strength |
| (C) |
Importance |
| (D) |
Stubbornness |
| Soln: |
The answer is
option (D). 'Pertinacity' refers to firmness or determination.
In the given context, the word refers to 'stubbornness'. |
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| 16. |
In the options
given below identify the one sentence which has an INCORRECT
spelling: |
| (A) |
Mental idiosyncrasies
may sometimes act as quirky guides to solutions. |
| (B) |
The human mind
is a wonderfully obtuse and circuitous instrument. |
| (C) |
Until the time
of Galileo, astronomers believed that everything in the
heavens is unchanging and incorruptable. |
| (D) |
Whole groups have
suffered this fate as a consequence of prejudice rather
than excoriation. |
| Soln: |
The answer is
option (C). In option (C), the word 'incorruptable' is
incorrect. The correct spelling is 'incorruptible'. |
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Directions:
For Questions 17 and 18, choose the option that BEST completes
the relationship indicated in capitalized pair: |
| 17. |
ANGULAR: GEOMETRY:
: ? : WINTER |
| (A) |
Wither |
| (B) |
Weather |
| (C) |
Hibernal |
| (D) |
Holiday |
| Soln: |
The answer is
option (C). 'Angular' means consisting of angle or angles
and is related with Geometry. Similarly, 'hibernal' refers
to something which is characteristic of winter and is,
therefore, related to winter. Other options are incorrect. |
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| 18. |
BIOLOGY: CELLS:
: ? : CROP |
| (A) |
Agriculture |
| (B) |
Farm |
| (C) |
Seed |
| (D) |
Harvest |
| Soln: |
The answer is
option (A). Biology refers to a field of study that deals
with cells. Similarly, agriculture is a field of study
that deals with crops. Other options are incorrect. |
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Directions:
Questions 19 to 22 relate to the passage given below:
Let us take a look at the pressures building up. To start
off, there is the long-term rise in the in cost of energy.
Every time the cost of transportation goes up, employers
are compelled to increase wages accordingly. They may
resist for a time, but if they want their workers to show
up, they eventually have to provide transportation subsidy.
It is built right into the wage structure.
Next, the entire system of commuting implies hidden costs.
Companies that bring employees to a central location wind
up paying more for real estate: they pay higher taxes,
maintenance costs and salaries. They often have to provide
cafeterias, locker rooms, and in suburban locations, parking
facilities – there is a whole infrastructure that
supports the commuting process. All of these costs have
been skyrocketing.
By contrast, as we all know, the cost of telecommunications
and computing and video equipments and other tools for
“telecommuting’’ are plummeting. So
you have two powerful economic curves about to intersect.
But even more importantly, we all worry about productivity.
Without doubt, the single most anti productive thing that
we do is to shift millions of people back and forth across
the landscape everyday. A waste of time, of human creativity,
of millions of barrels of non-renewable fuel, a cause
of pollution, overcrowding and god knows what else.
We worry about the human effects of home work. But how
human is commuting itself? For most workers commuting
is the unpaid part of the job, being isolated for hours
at a time. Commuting was important when most workers had
to handle physical goods in factories. Today, as the Third
Wave industries expand, many workers travel to work to
handle information, ideas, numbers, programs, formulas,
designs and symbols and it is a lot cheaper to move the
information to the workers than the workers to the information.
There are all kinds of parallel cultural and value shifts
as well that support the idea. The new emphasis on revived
family life. The decentralist push—nothing is more
decentralized than working at home. The resistance to
forced mobility – you do not have to move your family
when you change your job. Environmental concern – nothing
pollutes more than centralized production.
Add all these pressures together, and you understand why
this transfer of certain jobs into the home seems so likely.
Moreover, you have to see this development not by itself,
but as linked to the demassification of production and
distribution; decentralization towards the regions; rising
importance of information; the appearance of wholly new,
unprecedented industries; the breakdown of national tools
for economic regulation or management, and the rising
importance of co-production and non-market production.
We are restructuring the economy on all these fronts at
once. No wonder our economic vocabulary is outdated. No
wonder our economic maps no longer reflect the terrain.
A new Third Wave economy is taking shape. |
| 19. |
As per the passage,
which of the following is NOT a reason for working from
home? |
| (A) |
increasing energy
costs |
| (B) |
decreasing telecommuting
costs |
| (C) |
increasing levels
of social diversity |
| (D) |
regional decentralization |
| Soln: |
The answer is
option (C). Social diversity is not discussed in the passage.
The other 3 options are given as reasons to work from
home. Paragraph 1 talks of the 'long term rise in the
cost of energy'. Paragraph 2 talks of the costs of centralization
via real estate, taxes, maintenance costs, cafeterias,
locker rooms, parking, etc. Paragraph 3 tells us that,
in contrast, the cost of telecommunication is plummeting
(i.e. falling sharply). The last paragraph talks of the
'decentralization towards the regions which supports the
shifting of certain jobs into the home. |
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| 20. |
The above passage
DOES NOT talk about: |
| (A) |
The essential nature
of commuting |
| (B) |
Additive costs
of commuting |
| (C) |
Changing nature
of social values |
| (D) |
Rise of the knowledge
economy |
| Soln: |
The answer is
option (C). Social values are not mentioned in the passage.
The other 3 options are discussed. In paragraph 3 the
essential nature of commuting is mentioned as 'shifting
millions of people back and forth across the landscape
everyday'. The additive costs are 'waste of time, human
creativity, millions of barrels of fuel, pollution, crowding,
etc.' Paragraph 4 talks of the knowledge economy, i.e.
'handle information, ideas, numbers, formulas, programs,
designs, and symbols'. |
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| 21. |
Which of the
following can be the MOST APPROPRIATE title for the passage? |
| (A) |
To Commute or to
Produce? |
| (B) |
The future of work |
| (C) |
The ‘‘Third
Wave Economy’’ |
| (D) |
In support of ‘‘home-work’’ |
| Soln: |
The answer is
option (D). The passage supports working from home. Option
(C) could seem like a probable answer as it talks of the
future of work, and as we know from the passage, the future
of work is to work from home, so (D) is better than (C).
Option (A) gives a choice which is not the main point
of the passage, and option C mentions a minor point as
given in the last sentence. |
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| 22. |
Which of the
following statements can be deduced from the given passage? |
| (A) |
Rise in transportation
costs leads to loss in productivity. |
| (B) |
Commuting is the
least productive aspect of today’s economy. |
| (C) |
Renewed emphasis
on family life is pushing down telecommuting costs. |
| (D) |
Physical production
in factories has been replaced by information, design
and symbols. |
| Soln: |
The answer is
option (B). Paragraph 3 says that the single most anti-productive
thing we do is to shift millions of people back and forth
(and additive costs are 'waste of time, human creativity,
millions of barrels of fuel, pollution, crowding, etc.'
) Hence we can say that commuting is the least productive
aspect. Option (A) is wrong as the rise in transportation
costs leads NOT to loss in productivity, but to increase
in wages and so costs for the employers. Option (C) is
incorrect as the renewed emphasis on family life is not
the reason of lower telecommuting costs, the passage does
not give any reason. Option (D) is incorrect as physical
production has NOT been replaced by information, design,
symbols; the nature of work has changed from being physical
to being knowledge-based. |
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| 23. |
Directions:
Question 23 consists of four groups of jumbled phrases,
of which only one is grammatically correct. Identify the
CORRECT option: |
| (A) |
when I am beginning
a new habit / both summoning and manipulating at will
/ processions of images that I can / my hypnagogic visions
are intricate. |
| (B) |
at his or her offspring
who at seven or ten years of age / how many times recently
have we / is busily programming a computer / heard a parent
or grandparent marvel. |
| (C) |
account for the
error I have / committed in my measurements / but my soul
took a wildly interested / trifles and I busied in endeavors. |
| (D) |
leading a regular
life / the doctors assured him it is not dangerous / and
talked as little as possible and / merely advising him
not to get excited. |
| Soln: |
The answer is
option (B). Option (B) when arranged in a proper order
would read, "How many times recently have we heard
a parent or grandparent marvel at his or her offspring
who at seven or ten years of age is busily programming
a computer." This sentence is grammatically correct.
Option (A) when arranged in proper order would be, "When
I am beginning a new habit, my hypnagogic visions are
intricate processions of images that I can both summon
and manipulate at will." Here, the modal verb 'can'
needs infinitive forms – 'summon' and 'manipulate'
instead of 'summoning' and 'manipulating' as given in
the option. Option (C) is incorrect because of the missing
prepositions and incorrect usage of the adverb 'wildly'
and the noun 'interested'. The correct sentence would
be, "But my soul took a wild interest in trifles
and I busied in endeavors to account for the error I have
committed in my measurements." Option (D) is incorrect
because of the incorrect usage of the tenses. The correct
sentence would be, "The doctors assured him it was
not dangerous, and merely advised him not to get excited,
lead a regular life and to talk as little as possible." |
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Directions:
In Question 24, choose the correct option for the phrase
“as Russell saw it”, to make a grammatically
CORRECT sequel to the phrase given below: |
| 24. |
There is a close
relationship between competitive recreation and the society
that endorses it. |
| (A) |
As Russell saw
it, this relationship is reciprocal. |
| (B) |
This is reciprocal
relationship, as Russell saw it. |
| (C) |
This relationship
is reciprocal, as Russell saw it. |
| (D) |
This relationship,
as Russell saw it, is reciprocal. |
| Soln: |
The answer is
option (A). Both options (A) and (D) are grammatically
correct but option (A) is more concise. Therefore, it
is the answer. In both options (B) and (C), the order
of the sentence is syntactically incorrect. |
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Directions:
In Question 25, choose the correct option for the word
“indeed”, to make a grammatically CORRECT
sequel to the phrase given below: |
| 25. |
Satisfaction
of self-esteem leads to a feeling of self-confidence. |
| (A) |
As one social psychologist
concluded, indeed,".... few psychologists would disagree
that self-esteem is essential to emotional well-being”. |
| (B) |
As one social psychologist
concluded,".... few psychologists would disagree
that self- esteem is essential to emotional well-being”,
indeed. |
| (C) |
As one social psychologist,
indeed, concluded,".... few psychologists would disagree
that self-esteem is essential to emotional well-being”. |
| (D) |
Indeed, as one
social psychologist concluded,".... few psychologists
would disagree that self-esteem is essential to emotional
well-being”. |
| Soln: |
The answer is option
(D). "Indeed" is an adverb of emphasis which
should be placed in the beginning of the sentence to express
certainty about the clause. Option (A) is ruled out because
the placing of 'indeed' is incorrect in the sentence.
Same is the case with option (B). Option (C) is also incorrect
as in this case the adverb is emphasizing on the social
psychologist rather than on the clause. Hence, other options
are ruled out. |
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| 26. |
Identify the
grammatically CORRECT option: |
| (A) |
You must not kill
your neighbour, whom perhaps you genuinely hate. |
| (B) |
You must not kill
your neighbour, even if you are genuinely hating him. |
| (C) |
You may genuinely
be hating your neighbour, but do not kill him. |
| (D) |
You hate your neighbour
but you must not kill him perhaps. |
| Soln: |
The answer is option
(C). Option (A) is incorrect because of the unnecessary
use of the punctuation. Option (B) is incorrect as per
the Standard English Usage. Option (D) does not make any
sense. Hence, by eliminating options (A), (B) and (D),
we have option (C) as the answer. |
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Directions:
The direct speech in Question 27 is rewritten as reported
speech (indirect form) in the given options. Identify
the grammatically CORRECT option: |
| 27. |
“Who is
visiting the house?”, he asked. “I saw the
groom rubbing down four black horses.” |
| (A) |
He asked who was
visiting the house as he had seen the groom rubbing down
four black horses. |
| (B) |
He asked who is
visiting the house and whether the groom is rubbing down
four black horses. |
| (C) |
He asked who visited
the house since the groom rubbed down four black horses. |
| (D) |
He asked as to
who was visiting the house as because he saw the groom
rubbing down four black horses. |
| Soln: |
The answer is option
(A). When direct speech is rewritten in indirect form
or reported speech the present continuous tense (in the
direct speech) is converted into past continuous tense
(in the indirect speech). Option (A) correctly represents
the change in tense and also states what the person had
seen. Option (B) is ruled out because the sentence has
present continuous tense and introduces alternative possibilities
by using 'whether' which is incorrect as per the information
given in the question statement. Option (C) is incorrect
as it has simple past tense. Option (D) is incorrect as
per Standard English Usage for the reason that 'as' and
'because' cannot be used together. |
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Directions:
For Questions 28 and 29, choose the option that is OPPOSITE
in meaning to the capitalized words: |
| 28. |
PRECONIZE |
| (A) |
announce |
| (B) |
predict |
| (C) |
conceal |
| (D) |
negate |
| Soln: |
The answer is option
(C). 'Preconize' means to announce or commend publicly.
'Conceal' is the word that is opposite in meaning to the
given word as it means to prevent from being seen or discovered.
Other options are irrelevant. |
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| 29. |
NESCIENCE |
| (A) |
awareness |
| (B) |
ignorance |
| (C) |
generosity |
| (D) |
miserliness |
| Soln: |
The answer is option
(A). 'Nescience' means absence of knowledge or awareness;
ignorance. Hence, 'awareness' is the word that is opposite
in meaning to the given word. Other options are irrelevant. |
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Directions:
In Question 30, select the pair of words from the given
options that best expresses a relationship SIMILAR to
the pair in capital letters: |
| 30. |
POWER : POLITICS |
| (A) |
Heat : Physics |
| (B) |
Earth surface :
Geography |
| (C) |
Equations : Mathematics |
| (D) |
Wars : History |
| Soln: |
The answer is option
(B). 'Politics' primarily deals with the complex or aggregate
of relationships of people in society, especially those
relationships which involve 'authority' or 'power'. In
the same way, 'Geography' primarily deals with the physical
features of the 'earth surface'. Option (A) is ruled out
because 'Physics' mainly deals with 'matter' and 'energy'
and heat is just a form of energy. Option (C) is ruled
out as 'Mathematics' deals with measurement, relationships,
and properties of quantities and sets, using numbers and
symbols. 'Equations' constitute only one aspect of this
study but not the main aspect. Option (D) is ruled out
as 'History' is a chronological record of events and 'wars'
constitute only a type of event. Therefore, option (B)
is the most appropriate answer. |
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Disclaimer:
The information on this page is relevant to educational
and instructive learning along with the understanding
of the statistics and facts of the various management
entrance exams being conducted across the country.
‘To err is human to forgive divine’.
The data reproduced here is true, valid and to
the best of our students’ knowledge but
our students too are human.
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